低产煤层气水平井复合洗井提产技术

Composite well washing and production improvement technology of low-yield coalbed methane horizontal wells

  • 摘要: 煤泥产出是煤层气排采过程中普遍出现的问题,会导致煤层气井产能异常衰减。选用沁水盆地晋城矿区15号煤层气田低产煤层气井煤泥样品,通过静态悬浮试验和泡沫稳定性评价,复配出高效悬浮−携带煤泥颗粒物的解堵剂材料,开展了支撑裂缝内渗透率变化及井筒内沉积煤泥洗井解堵试验,提出了促进沉积煤泥排出的解堵剂氮气泡沫正反多次循环洗井工艺。研制了由柔性自转向连续作业设备、连续油管末端做笔尖探阻初洗以及投球式高能双向冲洗喷头等组成的配套装备,成功应用于晋城矿区低产井。结果表明:在由0.8%十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、0.4%氯化钾(KCl)、0.8%脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵(AESA)组成的解堵剂作用下,煤泥颗粒悬浮率可达95%以上,泡沫携带煤泥颗粒时间可达90 min以上。该解堵剂作用下支撑裂缝内气相渗透率,较清水作用下的气相渗透率提高了0.9~1.8倍,液相渗透率较清水作用下提高了1.5~1.8倍。随着注入解堵剂流速的增大,煤泥排出率逐渐上升。随着煤泥滞留量的增大,煤泥排出率在逐渐下降。解堵剂作用下沉积煤泥排出率可达45.30%~92.13%,是清水作用下的1.05~3.55倍。煤泥滞留浓度为10%时,经过3次循环洗井解堵后,排出率可再次提升40%以上,累计煤泥排出率最高可达92.58%。该技术应用到4口典型低产煤层气井,洗井后相比洗井前4口煤层气水平井平均产气量提高了约3.6倍。

     

    Abstract: Coal slime output poses a common challenge during the coalbed methane drainage process, leading to a decrease in coalbed methane well productivity. The coal slime samples of low-yield coalbed methane wells in No. 15 coalbed methane field of Jincheng mining area in Qinshui Basin are selected. A high-efficiency suspension-carrying coal slime plugging agent material is compounded through static suspension experiments and foam stability evaluations. The permeability change test in the supporting fracture and the plugging removal experiment of deposited coal slime in the wellbore are carried out. A novel plugging agent nitrogen foam positive and negative multiple circulation well washing process is proposed to promote the removal of the deposited coal slime. This process is supported by specialized equipment including a flexible self-steering continuous operation device, continuous oil tube end resistance flushing tip, and ball-throwing type high-energy bidirectional flushing nozzles. The approach developed here has been successfully implemented in low-production wells in Jincheng mining area. The results show that the suspension rate of coal slime exceeded 95%, and the foam carrying coal slime time was extended beyond 90 minutes using a plugging agent formulation consisting of 0.8% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 0.4% potassium chloride (KCl), and 0.8% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate (AESA). The gas phase permeability in the supporting fracture under the action of the plugging agent is about 0.9~1.8 times higher than that under the action of water, and the liquid phase permeability is about 1.5~1.8 times higher than that under the action of water. With the increase of the flow rate of the injected coal slime plugging agent, the discharge rate of coal slime gradually increased. With the increase of coal slime retention, the discharge rate of coal slime is gradually decreasing. The discharge rate of deposited coal slime under the action of plugging agent can reach 45.30%~92.13%, which is 1.05~3.55 times that under the action of water. When the retention concentration of coal slime is 10%, the discharge rate is further increased by more than 40% again after three cycles of well washing and plugging removal, and the cumulative slime discharge rate can reach 92.58%. The technology has been applied to four typical low-yield coalbed methane wells, and the average gas production of the four coalbed methane horizontal wells after well washing has increased by about 3.6 times compared with that before well washing.

     

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