Abstract: Rock burst, coal and gas outburst and other coal-rock dynamic phenomena are serious disasters in the process of coal mine production. Automatic monitoring and early warning of coal-rock dynamic phenomena is an important technical means to ensure coal mine safety production. The early developed automatic monitoring and early warning system based on microseism, acoustic emission and electromagnetic radiation methods from the perspective of elastic potential energy release has been popularized and applied in different ranges. In recent years, the automatic monitoring and early warning system of frequency spectrum acoustic method based on the accumulation angle of elastic potential energy has been rapidly popularized and applied in Russian coal mines. It has realized the real-time online monitoring and early warning of the safety and effectiveness of coal and rock dynamic phenomena (rock burst, coal and gas outburst, sudden coal extrusion, floor strata dynamic damage gas ejection), coal and rock stress state in front of the working face (geological structure, mine pressure rise, stress state deterioration) and local outburst prevention measures (pressure relief drilling), which has become the standard method for monitoring and early warning of dynamic phenomena and rock mass state. The frequency spectrum acoustic method is based on the dynamic phenomenon mechanism of stress concentration and elastic potential energy accumulation caused by roof rock strata deformation. The resonance frequency spectrum characteristics of artificial acoustic signals generated by coal mining machine and tunnelling machine during coal cutting at the weakened contact surface of roof rock strata are used to monitor the stress and strain state of coal and rock mass, and to warn the risk of dynamic phenomena in working face. In order to improve the technical level of monitoring and early warning of coal-rock dynamic phenomena in China’s coal mines and promote the exchange of coal mine safety technology between China and Russia, the development process of frequency spectrum acoustic method in Russia is expounded. The monitoring and early warning mechanism of frequency spectrum acoustic method for dynamic phenomena is systematically analyzed. The main research results of spectral acoustic method and the monitoring and early warning index system of dynamic phenomena are described in detail. Combined with the differences between frequency spectrum acoustic method and microseism, acoustic emission and electromagnetic radiation methods, the development direction of monitoring and early warning methods for dynamic phenomena is prospected. The deep integration of frequency spectrum acoustic method with microseism, acoustic emission and electromagnetic radiation methods will significantly improve the reliability and accuracy of monitoring and early warning of coal-rock dynamic phenomena. A new breakthrough in monitoring and early warning technology of coal-rock dynamic phenomena is realized.