我国放顶煤开采的工程实践与理论进展

Engineering practice and theoretical progress of top-coal caving mining technology in China

  • 摘要: 系统总结了35年来我国放顶煤开采的工程实践历程,将其分为探索阶段、推广应用阶段、拓展阶段、成熟与输出阶段,放顶煤技术已经成为我国煤炭开采在世界上的标志性技术和成果。将放顶煤开采的理论研究与进展归纳为借鉴阶段、探索阶段和创新阶段,介绍了在放煤规律方面的创新性理论成果,提出了下一步放顶煤开采的理论研究要针对性地开展顶煤破碎机理、散体顶煤放出规律、支架与围岩关系、岩层移动规律、全煤巷道支护机理、放顶煤开采的经济学基础等方面研究,深入的理论研究可以进一步指导放顶煤技术完善和扩大应用范围。

     

    Abstract: This paper summarizes the engineering practice of longwall top-coal caving (LTCC) in China in the past 35 years,which can be divided into three stages:exploratory stage,promotes application stage,expands stage,mature and output stage. LTCC has become a representative technology and achievement of Chinese coal mining practice around the world. The theoretical research and progress of LTCC are summarized as the stage of reference,the stage of explora- tion and the stage of innovation. Innovative theoretical achievements in the field of top-coal drawing law are introduced and some directions of the theoretical research of LTCC in the stage of innovation are proposed. For example:the frac- ture mechanism of top-coal,the drawing law of the loose top-coal,the relationship between the support and the sur- rounding rock,the strata movement law,the supporting mechanism of full coal roadway,basic economics of LTCC,etc. In-depth theoretical research can further guide the improvement of LTCC technology and expand its application.

     

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